 Impact of topical Latanoprost 0.005% treatment on Microvascular Changes in the optic nerve head and macula.

<h2 id="objective">Objective</h2><ul><li>Glaucoma, a progressive optic nerve condition, causes vision loss and is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.</li><li>Changes in blood flow and the vascular component of the optic nerve head (ONH) are believed to play a crucial role in etiopathogenesis of glaucoma.</li><li>Prostaglandin analogs are commonly used to lower eye pressure effectively with minimal side effects in treating primary open-angle glaucoma.</li></ul><h2 id="purpose">Purpose</h2><ul><li>This prospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of topical latanoprost 0.005% treatment on the microvasculature of the macula and optic nerve head (ONH) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).</li></ul><h2 id="methods">Methods</h2><ul><li>A total of 57 eyes from 31 participants were enrolled.</li></ul><h2 id="assessment-parameters">Assessment parameters</h2><ul><li>Vascular density (VD) parameters, including ONH whole-image (wiVD), peripapillary (ppVD), and macular VD, were measured using optical coherence tomography angiography before treatment, at 1 month, and at 3 months of treatment.</li></ul><h2 id="results">Results</h2><ul><li>Significant reduction in intraocular pressure (I0P) was observed post-treatment, with decreases of 17.0 ± 2.3 mmHg at 1 month and 16.3 ± 2.5 mmHg at 3 months (P &lt; 0.001 for both) as shown in table 1.</li><li>ONH wiVD and ppVD significantly increased at 1 month post-treatment (P = 0.001 for both) but decreased by 3 months, returning to baseline levels (P &lt; 0.001 for both) as shown in table 1.</li></ul><p style="text-align:center;"><img style="aspect-ratio:832/360;" src="https://cdn.megawecare.com/GHBY/Internal-Images/opthalmology-table1.webp" width="832" height="360"></p><ul><li>Macular wiVD and perifoveolar VD (pefVD) also increased significantly at 1 month (P = 0.013 and P &lt; 0.001,respectively), but returned to baseline by the 3rd month (P &lt; 0.001 for both) as shown in table 2.</li></ul><p style="text-align:center;"><img style="aspect-ratio:817/492;" src="https://cdn.megawecare.com/GHBY/Internal-Images/opthalmology-table2.webp" width="817" height="492"></p><ul><li>No significant difference was noted between pre-treatment and 3-month post-treatment macular wiVD and pefVD (P &gt; 0.05 for both). Deep capillary plexus and fovea! avascular zone parameters showed no significant changes during follow-up (P &gt; 0.05 for both).</li></ul><h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2><ul><li>The initial increase in ONH, peripapillary, and macular VD after treatment with latanoprost 0.005% is likely due to the acute reduction in lOP.</li><li>However, the return to baseline values by the 3rd month suggests that the ONH and retinal microvasculature adapt to decreased lOP through compensatory mechanisms.</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="#objective">Objective</a></li><li><a href="#purpose">Purpose</a></li><li><a href="#methods">Methods</a></li><li><a href="#assesment-parameters">Assessment parameters</a></li><li><a href="#results">Results</a></li><li><a href="#conclusion">Conclusion</a></li></ul>

Impact of topical Latanoprost 0.005% treatment on Microvascular Changes in the optic nerve head and macula.

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